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Examining instances of problems affecting the Balkans and of state efforts to fix them, this volume considers issues like law and justice, centralization and provincial autonomy, taxation and land disputes, and the stresses of war. It offers a clearer picture of the forces of change at work during this era of transition.

The decades after 1750 saw the Ottoman empire undergo tremendous stresses that culminated in the first stirrings of nationalism among Christian subjects and an irrevocable commitment to reform by the Muslim state. By 1830, Serbs and Greeks had fought successfully for autonomy or independence, and Sultan Mahmud II had prepared the way for the Tanzimat by abolishing the Janissary Corps and other discredited institutions. In spite of the importan...

This book argues that religious affiliation was the most influential shaper of communal identity in the Ottoman era.

Challenging standard narratives of Ottoman, Balkan and Middle East history, which overemphasise the role of nationalism in the transformation of the region, this book argues that religious affiliation was the most influential shaper of communal identity in the Ottoman era, and that it continues to mould the relationship between state and society today.