Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.
Isaac Israel Hayes (1832-1881) was an Arctic explorer and physician. After completing his medical studies at the University of Pennsylvania, Hayes signed on as ship's surgeon for an 1853 expedition led by Elisha Kent Kane to search for John Franklin. His 1854 exploration of the east coast of Ellesmere Island north of 79 degrees N. resulted in new and accurately mapped geographical discoveries. Hayes led his own expedition 1860-1 which claimed ...