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Pastiche, imitation but also a continuation of Voltaire's most celebrated tale, Candide, seconde partie, picks up many of the original's themes. Leibniz, Descartes and Newton are gently mocked, Pascal is accused of trying to make us hate humankind. If it cannot begin to compare with Voltaire's masterpiece, the tale is nonetheless an amusing and instructive imitation.

A critical edition of Fougeret de Monbron's 'Le Cosmopolite, ou le citoyen du monde' (1750). The introductory notes focus on the links to Voltaire's 'Candide' and show how Monbron's cynical memoirs combined with another important narrative source of 'Candide', La Place's 'Histoire de Tom Jones, ou l'enfant trouvé' (1750). Édouard Langille is Professor of French Language and Literature at the St Francis Xavier University, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Published in Rouen in 1767 and reprinted two years later, Voltaire's Candide en Dannemarc, ou L'optimisme des Honnêtes Gens wraps up the adventures of Candide. Turning his back on both Voltairean satire and scepticism, the novelist proposes a moralistic fable -- the focal point of which is a rehabilitation of Leibniz's Theory of Optimism. The main body of the novel tells the story of Candide and his new wife, the noble Zénoïde, in their sumptu...