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Gene expression is dependent on multiple steps, including transcription, RNA processing, and translation. Importantly, recent studies revealed that gene expression is regulated by chromatin structures and non-coding RNA profiles. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms may contribute to the development of novel therapeutics for aging-related diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. This book provides a comprehensive overview of ...

Recent studies in human genetics and in silico analyses have revealed that a number of genes are head-head orientated with other genes or non-coding RNAs. The expression of regulatory element-containing 5'-upstream regions of gene pairs are referred to as bi-directional promoters and are thought to have a key role in biological regulatory mechanisms. For example, tumor suppressor protein-encoding TP53 and BRCA1 genes are head-head bound with W...

Transcription is the most fundamental nuclear event, by which the information of nucleotide sequences on DNA is transcribed into RNA by multiple proteins, including RNA polymerases. Transcription determines the functions of proteins and the behaviour of cells, appropriately responding to environmental changes.This book is intended for scientists, especially those who are interested in the future prospect of gene expression and control in medic...