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Since its discovery, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been shown to regulate many critical molecular processes in eukaryotes such as metabolism, growth, survival, aging, synaptic plasticity, memory, and immunity. In mTOR: Methods and Protocols expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used to study mTOR. These include methods and techniques  used for the study of the mTOR pathway and potentia...

Within the pharmaceutical industry, the improvement of drug discovery and development efficiency and the expected personalization of medicine have become vitally important issues.  In Biomarker Methods in Drug Discovery and Development, expert researchers provide a tool box for those who have a general interest in biomarker research and for those currently specializing in certain technologies but desiring an understanding of other available me...

Advances over the past two decades have enabled physicians to revolutionize the manner in which they can assess and manage children’s pain. Thirty years ago it was thought that young children did not experience pain and therefore it was not necessary to treat it. Today professionals from a variety of disciplines have contributed data that have revolutionized medical perspectives. Technological advances now enable doctors to treat acute pain in...

In light of the critical contributions of macrophages and dendritic cells to diverse inflammatory diseases and to immunity and host defense, state-of-the-art approaches to the investigation of their behavior are essential. In Macrophages and Dendritic Cells: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers contribute laboratory protocols involving these two vital cell types functioning at the junction of the innate and acquired immune systems. The vo...

Patients with chronic pain present a unique set of challenges to the primary care clinician. In Chronic Pain: A Primary Care Guide to Practical Management, Second Edition, leading pain specialist Dawn A. Marcus, MD, again offers practical, clear, and succinct evidence-based approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of the myriad painful conditions clinicians see in their offices every day, such as headache, back pain, arthritis, fibromyalgia, ...

More than one in six men will develop prostate cancer in their lifetime. In recent years there has been an explosion of information regarding PSA screening and biomarkers for the disease. In Prostate Cancer Screening, Second Edition, the world’s leading experts on prostate cancer detection update the first edition with the latest findings. The book incorporates a series of thoughtful and cutting-edge works from the world’s experts in prostate ...

Over the course of evolution, fungi have adapted to occupy specific niches, from symbiotically inhabiting the flora of the intestinal tract of mammals to saprophytic growth on leaf litter resting on the forest floor.  In Plant Fungal Pathogens: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used to study fungal plant pathogens. These include methods and techniques for model systems such...

Due to the complexity of the mitochondrial system and the myriad genes involved in their function, the clinical manifestations of mitochondrial diseases are remarkably variable and heterogeneous. The laboratory and clinical methodologies used to evaluate dysfunction may vary widely, and thusly a systematic presentation of the numerous protocols that are applied to the assessment of these clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders has p...

This practical guide is a compendium of contemporary views on the development, treatment, and prevention of urinary stone disease. Emphasis is placed on utilizing current research to highlight areas of potential discovery and inspire novel approaches to easing the burden of urinary stone disease.

Carotenoids are a family of yellow to orange-red terpenoid pigments synthesized by photosynthetic organisms and many bacteria and fungi. They have beneficial health effects protecting against oxidative damage and may be responsible for the colours associated with plants and animals. In Microbial Carotenoids from Bacteria and Microalgae: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail many of the most up-to-date methods which are ...

Since the publication of the first edition, the number of unique heritable mtDNA mutations recognized as being associated with bioenergetic dysfunction, cell death and disease has grown. Likewise, our understanding of the basic biology of somatic mtDNA mutations continues to improve. In Mitochondrial DNA: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition, specialists from eight countries share their expertise, providing detailed protocols for studying man...

In medical practice there are often complex cases that make extraordinary demands on a clinician’s knowledge and ingenuity. In Challenging Cases in Allergy and Immunology, the authors provide these types of fascinating, and informative cases to complement a basic knowledge of diagnosis and management in these fields. As such, this novel title will be of interest to a wide array of allergists and clinical immunologists, as well as all students ...

Cardiovascular heart disease mortality in African Americans is the highest of all major racial/ethnic subpopulations in the United States. Examining race and ethnicity, Cardiovascular Disease in Racial and Ethnic Minorities will reveal that there are unacceptable healthcare disparities in risk factor prevalence, disease states, and cardiovascular outcomes in the United States. Written by a team of experts, Cardiovascular Disease in Racial and ...

In human solid tumors, nodal status is the most important prognostic indicator for patient outcome. Recent developments in the sentinel lymph node concept have resulted in new procedures to define the first draining node as the primary gateway through which the cancer will spread. In From Local Invasion to Metastatic Cancer: Involvement of Distant Sites Through the Lymphovascular System, a panel of international authorities takes an in-depth l...

One of the major challenges currently facing the scientific community is to understand the function of the multitude of protein-coding genes that were revealed when the human genome was fully sequenced. In Transgenesis Techniques: Principles and Protocols, Third Edition, experts in the field fully update and expand upon the previous edition in order to detail the transgenic techniques currently used to modify the genome.  The volume explores c...

As a fairly new and expansive area of study, plant systems biology has been approached by scientists from fields as varied as plant physiology and astrophysics, creating a wide variety of techniques and methods to further this vital research. In Plant Systems Biology, expert investigators provide cutting-edge chapters dealing with diverse subjects such as systems biology of plant gene expression to analysis of networks, pathways, specific stat...

In the early years of microarray technology, efforts were directed mainly at profiling expressed genes, while recently the microarray platform has been adapted into diverse applications directed toward the investigation of the physical genome. In Microarray Analysis of the Physical Genome: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field cover DNA microarray applications for the detection and characterization of genomic DNA-associated copy number a...

Representing the most up-to-date knowledge of this family of diseases, this book presents a comprehensive overview of the inflammatory myopathies, including dermatomyositis, polymyositis and inclusion body myositis. The Inflammatory Myopathies covers clinical presentation, diagnosis and classification, ongoing assessment, treatment and pathogenesis. Physical findings, laboratory studies, imaging modalities and biopsy are discussed. The role an...

There is no question that loss of cell cycle checkpoint regulation is an intrinsic characteristic of cancer. However, many tumors retain parallel checkpoint pathways that are activated by antitumor agents and facilitate therapeutic response. Failures in these therapy-linked checkpoint controls are closely associated with cancers that are highly resistant to therapeutic interventions. Checkpoint Controls and Targets in Cancer provides present-d...

Biology of Stem Cells and the Molecular Basis of the Stem State concentrates upon adult stem cells, particularly on mesenchymal cell populations, which are the author’s area of expertise. The text offers the reader a detailed description of the emergence of stem cell research and the dogmas that were created during the first decades of analysis of stem cell properties, particularly those of hemopoietic stem cells. Biology of Stem Cells and the...