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The present volume is a detailed and original study of the traditional, doctrine of terms. It can be regarded as an attempt to tackle the question: , How would the scholastic philosophers have conceived and defended their doctrine bad they bad at their disposal the methods and techniques of contemporary logic and semantics? The answer provided, a systematic reconstruction of a number of important ideas in the history of logic, is both formally...

This volume brings together a group of articles that explore some less familiar aspects of early modern conceptions of ontological dependence. A unifying theme of these essays is the role of discussions of dependence relations in the context of early modern theories of individual substances. How do individual substances depend on other individuals? How do individual substances depend on their constituents such as matter and form, qualities and...

The philosophical papers collected together in this volume cover a variety of topics centering around the three items of the title. Mereology, the theory of part-whole, appears and reappears throughout as a kind of basso ostinato for much that is said. For its full effect, however, mereology must be combined with various items treated in metalogic or logical semiotics, the modern trivium of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. When pressed for t...

The ancient discipline of rational grammar has attracted more interest in the twentieth century than at any time since the Middle Ages. This book provides an introduction to the project of a rational grammar as it was sketched out by Husserl and partially developed by Lesniewski and Ajdukiewicz Besides investigating the nature of grammaticality, the distinction between logic and grammar and relation of grammatical structure to the communicativ...

Written within the tradition of analytic philosophy, the present work deals with criticisms of contemporary nominalism, materialism and idealism. Realism about universals and a correspondence theory of truth are defended against the attacks of major figures such as Quine, Sellars, Goodman and Davidson. Taken together, the essays offer one of the most systematic attacks on nominalism and defenses of realism in recent philosophical literature. ...

This is a study of the Problem of individuation in the early medieval period Its purpose is to develop a general understanding of the then current approach to the problem based On the detailed investigations of the views of key authors of this period and to lay the foundations future investigations. The book begins with a chapter on the problem of individuation which makes no specific reference to the medieval tradition Its purpose is twofold:...

The systems of cumulative logic treated in this book are introduced as generalisations and at the same time as extensions of the simple theory of types predication is taken to be cumulative in the sense that objects of a fixed type may be predicated of objects with arbitrary lower types, and not only, as in the case of normal simple type theory, of objects having the immediately preceding type. Formal systems of the Gentzen-sequence sort are e...

This collection of Roman Ingarden's most important papers in aesthetics is designed to provide interested readers in philosophy, literary theory, and aesthetics with some of the required background for understanding Ingarden's major works in aesthetics The Literary Work of Art and the Cognition of the Literary Work of Art. A general introduction calls attention to one of the central themes in these papers. Specific topics discussed in the vol...

Dieser Band vereinigt siebzehn Forschungsbeiträge zu historischen und systematischen Themen, die sich mit dem philosophischen Begriff des Tiers verbinden. Zu den historischen Themen gehören das Verhältnis zwischen dem Organismus eines Tiers und seiner Umwelt, die Natur und der Ursprung der Tierseelen, die Metaphysik der biologischen Reproduktion von Tieren, und die moralische und rechtliche Stellung von Tieren in der Philosophie der Antike, de...

John Adam Scherzer's Axiomata Resoluta is a remarkably complete enumeration and defense of core principles of Scholastic Philosophy. It is somewhat like Aquinas's celebrated On Being and Essence but is broader in scope and arguably clearer in statement. Anyone who is somewhat puzzled by things Aquinas says about the relations of genera to species and of specific essences to individuals, as well as about the ways in which genera and species are...

This volume brings together a group of essays that explore early modern theories of composite substances and their relevance to early modern views on the nature of plants and animals (both human and non-human). The metaphysics of composite substances was a unifying topic at the heart of quite diverse issues in early modern ontologies of living beings. For instance, it was applied in explanations of both the complexity and the unity of a living...