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MicroRNAs as the endogenous mediators of RNA interference have experienced an unprecedented career in recent years, highlighting their pathogenic, diagnostic and potential therapeutic relevance. Beside tissue microRNAs, they are also found in body fluids, most notably in blood. Significant differences of circulating microRNA levels have been found in various diseases, making them candidates for minimally invasive markers of disease, for exampl...

The notes of this book originate from three series of lectures given at the Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM) in Barcelona. The first one is dedicated to the study of periodic solutions of autonomous differential systems in Rn via the Averaging Theory and was delivered by Jaume Llibre. The second one, given by Richard Moeckel, focusses on methods for studying Central Configurations. The last one, by Carles Simó, describes the main mechanisms ...

Pain and inflammation are inextricably linked phenomena. The observation that chemical mediators with combined pro-inflammatory, algesic and/or hyperalgesic activity occur at the site of inflammation is fundamental not only to our present understanding of the inflammatory process but also to our attempts to devise clini­ cally useful anti-inflammatory therapies. Over a hundred years ago it was recognised that primary sensory neurones play a cr...

This book follows Felix Klein’s proposal of studying geometry by looking at the symmetries (or rigid motions) of the space in question. In this way the classical geometries are studied: Euclidean, affine, elliptic, projective and hyperbolic. For simplicity the focus is on the two-dimensional case, which is already rich enough, though some aspects of the 3- or n-dimensional geometries are included. Once plane geometry is well understood, it is ...

Dies ist der zweite Band von Algorithmische Methoden, ein Lehrbuch zur computerorientierten Begleitung der Analysis und Linearen Algebra. Als mathematische Objekte dienen Funktionen, Matrizen und multivariate Polynome der Gliederung des Bandes. Neben den Grundlagen dazu werden die Darstellung der Objekte am Computer, wie etwa die Termdarstellung von Funktionen, sowie darauf definierte Grundoperationen wie zum Beispiel die Faktorisierung einer ...

Clinical Toxicology is the second volume of a three-volume set on molecular, clinical and environmental toxicology that offers a comprehensive and in-depth response to the increasing importance and abundance of chemicals of daily life. By providing intriguing insights far down to the molecular level, this three-volume work covers the entire range of modern toxicology with special emphasis on recent developments and achievements. It is written ...

This volumecomprisesa setof lecturenotes fromthe CIMPASummer School, - rangements and Local systems and Singularities, held at Galatasaray University, Istanbul, during June11-22, 2007.Theschoolwasattendedby68mathematicians, 35 of them from 19 countries outside Turkey. The Summer School was made up of eleven short courses and ?ve seminars presented by an outstanding group of lecturers who covered a wide range of topics related to the concepts o...

Baroque architect and mathematician Guarino Guarini is the subject of this issue of the Nexus Network Journal. A group of international scholars were invited to contribute papers that shed light on the unanswered questions in several areas: Baroque architecture in general and Guarini’s architecture in particular, philosophy, history of structural mechanics, mathematics and history of mathematics, cosmology. As always, the NNJ takes an interdis...

Since the beginning of the modern era of algebraic topology, simplicial methods have been used systematically and effectively for both computation and basic theory. With the development of Quillen's concept of a closed model category and, in particular, a simplicial model category, this collection of methods has become the primary way to describe non-abelian homological algebra and to address homotopy-theoretical issues in a variety of fields,...

This book is about stability of linear dynamical systems, discrete and continuous. More precisely, we discuss convergence to zero of strongly continuous semigroups of operators and of powers of a bounded linear operator, both with respect to different topologies. The discrete and the continuous cases are treated in parallel, and we systematically employ a comparison of methods and results in either case. Apart from classical results, many rece...

Filtering is the science of nding the law of a process given a partial observation of it. The main objects we study here are di usion processes. These are naturally associated with second-order linear di erential operators which are semi-elliptic and so introduce a possibly degenerate Riemannian structure on the state space. In fact, much of what we discuss is simply about two such operators intertwined by a smooth map, the \projection from th...

Dieses Buch führt kompakt in einige Kerngebiete der Diskreten Mathematik ein. Es behandelt grundlegende Konzepte der Kombinatorik und Graphentheorie und konzentriert sich auf thematische Einheiten wie endliche Geometrien und Ramseytheorie sowie auf methodische Schwerpunkte wie probabilistische und algebraische Techniken. Die Diskrete Mathematik zeigt sich hier als eine spannende Disziplin mit Fragestellungen, die zahlreiche Bezüge zu klassisch...

Hermann Günther Graßmann was one of the most remarkable personalities in 19th-century science. A "small-town genius", he developed a groundbreaking n-dimensional algebra of space and contributed to a revolution in the understanding of mathematics. His work fascinated great mathematicians such as W. R. Hamilton, J. W. Gibbs and A. N. Whitehead. This intellectual biography traces Graßmann’s steps towards scientific brilliance by untangling a com...

Zoonosen sind Krankheiten bzw. Infektionen, die zwischen Menschen und Tieren übertragen werden. Menschen können sich über Lebensmittel, die mit Zoonoseerregern kontaminiert sind, infizieren. In dem Bericht werden die Ergebnisse des Zoonosen-Monitorings 2009 veröffentlicht. Für dieses Monitoring werden repräsentative Daten über das Auftreten von Zoonoseerregern in Lebensmitteln, Futtermitteln und lebenden Tieren erfasst und ausgewertet. Weiterh...

This volume contains solicited articles by speakers at the workshop ranging from expository surveys to original research papers, each of which carefully refereed. They all bear witness to the very rich mathematics that is connected with the study of elementary operators, may it be multivariable spectral theory, the invariant subspace problem or tensor products of C*-algebras.Contributors:N. BoudiD. KitsonB. MagajnaM. MathieuP. RosenthalV.S. Sh...

The goal of the book is to present, in a complete and comprehensive way, areas of current research interlacing around the Poncelet porism: dynamics of integrable billiards, algebraic geometry of hyperelliptic Jacobians, and classical projective geometry of pencils of quadrics. The most important results and ideas, classical as well as modern, connected to the Poncelet theorem are presented, together with a historical overview analyzing the cla...

This volume contains refereed research or review papers presented at the 6th Seminar on Stochastic Processes, Random Fields and Applications, which took place at the Centro Stefano Franscini (Monte Verità) in Ascona, Switzerland, in May 2008. The seminar focused mainly on stochastic partial differential equations, especially large deviations and control problems, on infinite dimensional analysis, particle systems and financial engineering, esp...

This volume collects six articles on selected topics at the frontier between partial differential equations and spectral theory, written by leading specialists in their respective field. The articles focus on topics that are in the center of attention of current research, with original contributions from the authors. They are written in a clear,  expository style that makes them accessible to a broader audience. The articles contain a detailed...

This volume contains the third and fourth Poincaré Seminar, both held in 2003. The third one is devoted to Bose-Einstein Condensation: it covers the physics of superfluid liquid helium as well as the recently discovered atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. Major experimental results are presented, together with relevant theoretical approaches and remaining open questions. The fourth one is devoted to Entropy, giving a comprehensive account of the...

Increasing size and complexity of software and hardware systems makes it harder to ensure their reliability. At the same time, the issues of autonomous computing become more critical as we more and more rely on software systems in our daily life. Such complexity is getting even more critical with the ubiquitous computing of embedded devices and other pervasive systems. These trends ask for techniques and tools for developing reliable and auton...