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This volume contains all of the papers presented at the American Chemical Society Symposium on Reflectance Spectroscopy. The Symposium was presented under the sponsorship of the Division of Analytical Chemistry, and was held on September 11 and 12, 1967, at the 154th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Chicago, Illinois. The papers presented herein represent a renaissance of interest in reflectance spectroscopy. The techni~ue of...

That residues of pesticide and other contaminants in the total environ­ ment are of concern to everyone everywhere is attested by the reception ac­ corded previous volumes of "Residue Reviews" and by the gratifYing en. thusiasm, sincerity, and efforts shown by all tve individuals from whom manuscripts have been solicited. Despite much propaganda to the contrary, there can never be any serious questions that pest-control chemicals and food-addi...

Delinquency in a Birth Cohort, published in 1972, was the first criminologi­ cal birth cohort study in the United States. Nils Christie, in Unge norske lovorertredere, had done the first such study as his dissertation at the University of Oslo in 1960. Professor Thorsten Sellin was the inspiration for the U.S. study. He could read Norwegian, and I could a little because I studied at the University of Oslo in my graduate years. Our interest in ...

since the earliest results on the linkage between ras activation and cell transformation appeared a vast amount of additional information has been generated which emphasizes the importance of ras-related genes in membrane trafficking, cell proliferation, differentiation and cancer. These advances led to the development of new strategies for the diagnosis, prognosis and prevention of cancer. Ras-related genes appear to be central to the mechani...

The pUrpOSE! of this conference was not to define the two areas that are being bound, which might be a well nigh impossible proposition. Rather, its focus was to concentrate on the mechanistic similarities between promotion and progression. Are the areas involved within the boundaries a continuum? Are these two simultaneous processes? Or are some of the affected cells in the stage of promotion when at the same time others have undergone irreve...

Perinatal problems in thyroid gland physiology are common but complicated and present a diagnostic dilemma for the primary clinician. In December 1990, an international group of basic and clinical investigators gathered in Longboat Key, Florida to address these issues. The participants included internists, obstetricians, pedia­ tricians, neurologists, pathologists and basic scientists in cellular metabolism, endocrine physiology, and molecular...

Interest in the coronaviruses has never been greater. Their economic impact is considerable as they infect humans, livestock, poultry and companion animals. Murine hepatitis virus (MHV) infection of the mouse and rat central nervous systems are the subject of intense study, these investigations are providing insights into the potential role of viruses in human neurological diseases and, more generally, into mechanisms causing neurological dama...

Scientists from 25 countries came together at the Hyatt Regency Hotel on October 21-25, 1984, for the 4th International Kinin Congress in the beautiful city of Savannah, Georgia. Many of the delegates enjoyed southern hospitality for the first time. The friendly city with its streets lined with the Live Oak Tree (symbol of the Congress), the balmy weather, and the excellent facilities of the hotel set the stage for scientific events and exchan...

This book is intended for scientists, researchers, and graduate students interested in solutions in general, and solutions of metals in particular. Readers are assumed to have a good background in thermodynamics, presented in such books as those cited at the end of Chapter 1, "Thermo­ dynamic Background." The contents of the book are limited to the solutions of metals + metals, and metals + metalloids, but the results are also appli­ cable to ...

When I was getting my medical and psychiatric training in the late 1950s and early 1960s, the model of normal and deviant adolescent development was the white male. This was not surprising, since for every clinical or psychological study of adolescent girls done during the past 2 decades, there were seven studies on adolescent males. This tremendous discrepancy in actual clinical and research data between male and female adolescents led to the...

J. Warren Evans Department of Animal Science Texas A&M, University College Station, Texas 77843 In the near future, improvement of domestic animals for the production of food and fiber is poised to undergo a revolution by the utilization of recent breakthroughs and advances in molecular genetics, embryo manipula­ tions, and gene transfer systems. Utilization of these techniques will have a wide impact on animal agriculture by improvement of pr...

Digital radiography is a general term describing any projection radiological system in which the image exists in digital form at some stage between acquisition and viewing. In an earlier form, radiographic films were dig­ itized in an attempt to enhance and redisplay information of interest. The field has evolved to its current state, in which X-ray signals are detected electronically, converted to digital form, and processed prior to being re...

This book contains the contributions of the participants to the International Symposium on Porphyrins in Tumor Phototherapy held in Bruzzano (Milano), Italy on May 26-28, 1983. The contributions are written as extended papers to provide a broad and representative coverage of the use of porphyrins in tumor phototherapy and diagnosis. In the last few years, this technique has received increasing interest for its potential applications in clinica...

The births of more than 100 apparently normal infants at term following pregnancies initiated by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer testifies to the successful clinical application of insights obtained from studies in reproductive biology over the last 20 years. In women, these studies have included: 1) characterization of the changes in blood hormone profiles throughout ovulatory menstrual cycles, 2) documentation of the hormonal comp...

Behavior therapists often "desensitize" clients by exposing them to an anxiety-eliciting stimulus such as a phobic object. The premise is that repeated exposures will eventually reduce or extinguish the fear. This process is called therapeutic exposure. Many therapists would agree that therapeutic exposure is an effective treatment for several anxiety disorders. However, the "directness" with which therapeutic exposure should be encouraged for...

Death is a very badly kept secret, such an unmentionable and taboo topic that there are over 750 books now in print asserting that we are ignoring the subject.At no time in history has there been so much attention paid to death as a subject for scholarly and literary study, clinical and research attention, or for cynical commercial exploitation. We have exceeded even the literary genre of the Ars Moriendi, which advanced the study of the art o...

It is always enlightening to inquire about the origins of a research en­ deavor or a particular theoretical approach. Beginning with the observa­ tion of the mental life of the infant in 1962, Michael Lewis has contrib­ uted to the change in the view of the infant as an insensate mass of confusion to a complex and intellectual being. Anyone fortunate enough to have participated in the infancy research of the 1960s knows how exciting it was to ...

With the rapid spread of drug use and abuse in this country over the last decade, events relating to drugs have become increasingly prominent in the court of law as well as in society in general. It is anticipated that throughout the 1980s this problem will continue to be one of the major social problems in the United States. With the complexity of the Federal and state laws and their interrelationships, and with the increasing demand for the ...

Polymer blends, grafts, and blocks, broadly defined, encompass all of the ways in which two or more kinds of poly­ mer molecules can be mixed and/or joined. Because these mate­ rials exhibit non-linear and often synergistic properties, they have found increasing application in our technology. Their multifarious uses have, in turn, spurred new research efforts, to find yet different ways of joining two kinds of polymer molecules, with novel phy...

This volume is comprised of most of the papers presented at a symposium held in Miami Beach during the national meeting of the American Chemical Society in September, 1978. In a sense, it is a sequel to the first ACS symposium held on this topic and published under the title "Polymer Colloids" in 1971 by Plenum Press. That volume contained 12 papers, whereas "Polymer Colloids II" contains 33, an indication of the magnitude of the growth of the...