It is not difficult to distinguish between healthy and diseased periodontium. The difficulty lies in determining if and when an individual with gingivitis or periodontal disease will develop progressive or active periodontitis and in determining which sites within the patient's mouth are exhibiting (or will exhibit) progressive attachment loss. During last 2 decades advances in periodontal instruments for assessing the disease severity, to improve our understanding with regard to pathological changes occurring with the periodontal disease, to improve the visualization of root surface during instrumentation and to assess survival rate of implants during post implant period has been reported in the literature. This handbook review advances in the periodontal instruments with regards to Periodontal probes, PerioTemp, Ultrasonography, Periotron, Periscope, Periotest, Osstell and Implomates reported in the literature till date.