This book analyse the effects of industrial effluents on agriculture in Karur district of Tamilnadu, India.A multistage random sampling method was adopted in the study. A sample size of 120 farmers and 60 from both affected farms and unaffected farms were considered for this study. The study used both primary data (2015-16) and secondary data (1996-2014).The Compound growth rate model revealed that the area under Rice has declined.The diversification indices varied in three periods i.e., 1996-2001 and 2002-2007 and 2008-2013.Herfindal index has increased from 0.246 to 0.332 which indicates that crop diversification is less in the second period (2002-2007) than in the first period (1996-2001).In third period it decreased from 0.332 to 0.293 which indicates that crop diversification is more in the third period (2008-2013).The production function for affected farms shows that there is a 74 per cent of the variation in yield of Rice.The production function for unaffected farms shows that there is a 64 percent of the variation in yield of Rice.