Diabetes mellitus is a growing epidemic and is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney failure. Diabetic nephropathy affects approximately 20-40% of individuals who have diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy can be detected by the measurement of urine albumin or serum creatinine. Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine proteinase inhibitor (vaspin) was identifed in the visceral adipose tissue of OLETF (Otsuka Long- Evans Tokushim a Fatty) rats, an animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Material and methods: In this study conducted on 70 individuals in the age group of 35-70 years, from Kirkuk General Hospital. study group consists 40 individuals with diabetic nephropathy and 30 ages and sex matched healthy individuals (control)Serum vaspin of iabetic nephropathy patients showed a high signifcant relationship (p<0.0001). as compared with the controls. There is high signifcant decrease (p<0.001) in the serum levels of T4 and T3. There is high signifcant increase (p<0.001) in the serum levels of TSH as compared with the controls.