Religious Zionism emerged as an organized political movement in 1902, rebelling against the ethos of passivity endorsed by a mostly anti-Zionist Eastern European Orthodoxy. The book presents religious-Zionists as a new religious type, driven by distinct theological conceptions that reexamine fundamental notions, including God, faith, and historical process. Schwartz's detailed analysis exposes the roots of a political movement that has proven crucially influential in Israeli politics, both before and after the establishment of the state.