Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 49. Chapters: Danse Macabre, Symbolism, Richard Dadd, H. R. Giger, Codex Seraphinianus, Henry Darger, Austin Osman Spare, Jessicka, Roger Dean, Fantastic Planet, Danny Malboeuf, Chris Berens, Elizabeth McGrath, Paul Laffoley, Zdzislaw Beksinski, Ernst Fuchs, Jeremy Caniglia, Visionary art, Joe Coleman, De Es Schwertberger, Mark Ryden, Peter Birkhäuser, KRK Ryden, Antonio Roybal, Daniel Martin Diaz, Camille Rose Garcia, Alex Gross, Juxtapoz, Paul Whitehead, Calvin Maglinger, Peter Gric, Amanda Sage, Robert Venosa, Marion Peck, Brigid Marlin, Oleg A. Korolev, Fantastic Art Centre, Jophen Stein, Judson Huss, Miguel Tio, Society for Art of Imagination, Dark art, Kayla Komito. Excerpt: Symbolism was a late nineteenth-century style of French, Russian and Belgian origin in poetry and other arts. In literature, the style had its beginnings with the publication Les Fleurs du mal (The Flowers of Evil, 1857) by Charles Baudelaire. The works of Edgar Allan Poe, which Baudelaire admired greatly and translated into French, were a significant influence and the source of many stock tropes and images. The aesthetic was developed by Stéphane Mallarmé and Paul Verlaine during the 1860s and '70s. During the 1880s, the aesthetic was articulated by a series of manifestoes and attracted a generation of writers. The name "symbolist" itself was first applied by the critic Jean Moréas, who invented the term to distinguish the symbolists from the related decadents of literature and art. Distinct from, but related to, the style of literature, symbolism of art is related to the gothic component of Romanticism. The term "symbolism" is derived from the word "symbol" which derives from the Latin symbolum, a symbol of faith, and symbolus, a sign of recognition, in turn from classical Greek s¿µß¿¿¿¿ symbolon, an object cut in half constituting a sign of recognition when the carriers were able to reassemble the two halves. In ancient Greece, the symbolon, was a shard of pottery which was inscribed and then broken into two pieces which were given to the ambassadors from two allied city states as a record of the alliance. Symbolism was largely a reaction against naturalism and realism, anti-idealistic styles which were attempts to represent reality, and to use humble and ordinary themes rather than ideal or heroic themes. These styles were a reaction in favour of spirituality, the imagination, and dreams. Some writers, such as Joris-Karl Huysmans, began as naturalists before becoming symbolists, for Huysmans, this change represented his increasing interest in religion and spirituality. Certain of the characteristic subjects of the decadents represent naturalist interest in sexua