This book covers techniques and approaches for assessing suspected contaminant impact upon freshwater bivalves. The editors incorporate expertise on research topics and management issues from a cross section of active scientists in the field. The resulting array of viewpoints provides a valuable tool drawn from internal and external peer reviews. They explore advances in general monitoring of population responses to stressors and fundamental concepts of ecotoxicology specific to burrowing bivalves. They also provide insights that offer direction and priority for resolving specific problems challenging protection and conservation efforts.