This book provides a comprehensive overview of the norms and practices of ethnic diversity management in the Russian Federation in the last twenty years. It examines the evolution of the legal framework, the institutional architecture and the policies intended to address the large number of challenges posed by Russiäs immense ethno-cultural diversity. Introduction Part 1. Domestic and International Legal Framework 1. Russian Legislation in the Area of Minority Rights 2. International Norms and Legal Status of Minority Languages in Russia 3. National-Cultural Autonomy Part 2. Ethnic Federalism and Minority Governance 4. Federalism and Regionalism 5. Governance and Types of Political Regimes in Ethnic Regions 6. The Northern Caucasus and Challenges of Minority Governance Part 3. Majority and Minority Identities 7. Development of Majority and Minority Identities 8. Government Policies and Minority Identities Part 4. Political Participation and Representation 9. Electoral Rules 10. Legislative Representation 11. Ethnic Mobilization Conclusion