This book addresses an intriguing challenge in global affairs: the international political practices of cities and states, or "paradiplomacy." The rapidly growing international activism of cities and states across the world is discreetly transforming diplomatic practices and the delivery of public services. This book provides practitioners with a detailed guide of how to carry out external relations at the local level. It also provides an analytical and critical viewof the international presence of cities and states by exploring the connections among international relations, political science, political economy, and urban studies.