In the fall of 1864, during the last brutal months of the Civil War, the Confederates made one final, desperate attempt to rampage through the Shenandoah Valley, Tennessee, and Missouri. Mark A. Lause investigates the problems during the campaign and the myths propagated about it. He offers new insight into the two distinct phases of the campaign and shows that both sides used self-serving fictions to provide a rationale for their politically motivated brutality.