This book is a compilation of the various recently developed techniques emphasizing better chemical processes and products, with state-of-the-art contributions by world-renowned leaders in process design and optimization. It covers various areas such as grass-root design, retrofitting, continuous, batch, energy, separation, and pollution prevention, striking a balance between fundamental techniques and applications. A large section of this book focuses on industrial applications and will serve as a good compilation of recent industrial experiences for which the process design and optimization techniques were practised. Industrial practitioners will find this book useful as a guide to practice the various techniques in their respective plants and processes. The book is accompanied by some electronic supplements (i.e., models and programs) for selected chapters.