Urban impervious surfaces include any man-made surfaces such as roads, parking lots, and rooftops which prevent rainwater from infiltrating into the soil. This book investigates the state of the art of remote sensing of impervious surfaces by summarizing the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of impervious surfaces, the methods of impervious surface estimation using remote sensing technology, and challenges of remote sensing in tropical and subtropical regions. It pays special attention to the seasonal effects of impervious surface estimation in tropical and subtropical areas.