Tone and Intonation are two types of pitch variation, which are used to give shape to utterances. More specifically, tone encodes segments and morphemes, and intonation gives utterances a further discoursal meaning that is independent of the meanings of the words themselves. In this comprehensive survey, Carlos Gussenhoven reviews recent research into tone and intonation, discussing why speakers vary their pitch, what pitch variations mean, and how they are integrated into our grammars. His central arguments are illustrated with phonological descriptions of the tonal and intonational systems of six languages.